On the prosody of reported speech in Seoul Korean

Authors

  • Makaila Johnston York University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.25071/2564-2855.56

Keywords:

prosody, reported speech, Korean, recursivity, syntax-phonology interface

Abstract

This paper investigates the use of prosodic cues to indicate reported speech (RS) in Seoul Korean. Previous research on reported speech prosody shows that speakers use a variety of prosodic cues to delineate the boundaries of reported speech. Korean differs from many of the languages in the RS prosody literature in the framing of RS segments, in that the RS segment is embedded in a structure with both an initial and end frame, and a quotative morpheme follows the RS segment. The results show that in direct speech examples, two prosodic boundaries are marked, with the onset of the direct speech being indicated by a strong boundary, and the offset by a weak boundary. Indirect speech, in contrast, only has one prosodic boundary marked. The location of these prosodic boundaries as well as their strength can be predicted by the type of φ-phrase and its relationship to adjacent φ-phrases.

References

Ahn, J.-H. (2006). Grammatical discussion on quotation verbs focused on Modern Korean. URIMALGEUL: The Korean Language and Literature, 37, 143–169.

Baek, H., & Yun, J. (2018). Prosodic disambiguation of syntactically ambiguous phrases in Korean. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, 88, 89–100.

Bermúdez, F. (2023). Using prosody to express evidentiality. The case of the quotative. Journal of Pragmatics, 214, 127–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2023.06.009

Boersma, P., & Weenink, D. (2024). Praat: Doing phonetics by computer (Version 6.4.19) [Computer program]. https://www.praat.org

Bolden, G. (2004). The quote and beyond: Defining boundaries of reported speech in conversational Russian. Journal of Pragmatics, 36(6), 1071–1118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2003.10.015

Buchstaller, I. (2017). Reported speech. In A. Barron, Y. Gu, & G. Steen (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of pragmatics (1st ed., pp. 399–416). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315668925-30

Elfner, E. (2015). Recursion in prosodic phrasing: Evidence from Connemara Irish. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory, 33(4), 1169–1208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-014-9281-5

Estellés-Arguedas, M. (2015). Expressing evidentiality through prosody? Prosodic voicing in reported speech in Spanish colloquial conversations. Journal of Pragmatics, 85, 138–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2015.04.012

Féry, C. (2016). Intonation and prosodic structure. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139022064

Günthner, S. (1999). Polyphony and the ‘layering of voices’ in reported dialogues: An analysis of the use of prosodic devices in everyday reported speech. Journal of Pragmatics, 31(5), 685–708. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(98)00093-9

Hirschberg, J. (2002). Communication and prosody: Functional aspects of prosody. Speech Communication, 36(1–2), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6393(01)00024-3

Hirschberg, J., Beňuš, Š., Gravano, A., & Levitan, R. (2020). Prosody in discourse and speaker state. In C. Gussenhhoven & A. Chen (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of language prosody (pp. 468–476). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198832232.013.31

Holt, E. (2009). Reported speech. In S. D’hondt, J.-O. Östman, & J. Verschueren (Eds.), The pragmatics of interaction (pp. 190–205). John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1075/hoph.4.11hol

Ishihara, S., & Kalivoda, N. (2022). Match Theory: An overview. Language and Linguistics Compass, 16(1), e12446. https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12446

Ito, J., & Mester, A. (2012). Recursive prosodic phrasing in Japanese. In T. Borowsky, S. Kawahara, T. Shinya, & M. Sugahara (Eds.), Prosody matters: Essays in honor of Elisabeth Selkirk (pp. 280–303). University of Toronto Press.

Jeon, H.-S. (2015). Prosody. In L. Brown & J. Yeon (Eds.,) The handbook of Korean linguistics (pp. 41–58). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118371008.ch3

Jun, S.-A. (1996). The phonetics and phonology of Korean prosody: Intonational phonology and prosodic structure. Garland Pub.

Jun, S.-A. (1998). The Accentual Phrase in the Korean prosodic hierarchy. Phonology, 15(2), 189–226. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952675798003571

Jun, S.-A. (2000). K-ToBI (Korean ToBI) labelling conventions. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics, 99. https://linguistics.ucla.edu/people/jun/ktobi/k-tobi.html

Jun, S.-A. (2005a). Korean intonational phonology and prosodic transcription. In S.-A. Jun (Ed.), Prosodic typology: The phonology of intonation and phrasing (pp. 201–229). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199249633.003.0008

Jun, S.-A. (2005b). Intonational phonology of Seoul Korean revisited. UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics, 104, 14–25.

Jun, S.-A. (2022). The ToBI transcription system: Conventions, strengths, and challenges. In J. Barnes & S. Shattuck-Hufnagel (Eds.), Prosodic theory and practice (pp. 151–181). The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/10413.003.0007

Jun, S.-A., & Jiang, X. (2019). Differences in prosodic phrasing in marking syntax vs. focus: Data from Yanbian Korean. The Linguistic Review, 36(1), 117–150. https://doi.org/10.1515/tlr-2018-2009

Kasimir, E. (2008). Prosodic correlates of subclausal quotation marks. ZAS Papers in Linguistics, 49, 67–77. https://doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.49.2008.364

Kim, S. (2012). Interaction, grammar, and stance in reported speech [Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles]. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0rh43329

Klewitz, G., & Couper-Kuhlen, E. (1999). Quote – unquote? The role of prosody in the contextualization of reported speech sequences. Pragmatics, 9(4), 459–485. https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.9.4.03kle

Kwon, J.-I. (1998). Historical change of the quotation sentence constructions in Korean. Journal of the Linguistic Society of Korea, 22, 59–79.

Myrberg, S. (2013). Sisterhood in prosodic branching. Phonology, 30(1), 73–124. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952675713000043

Nespor, M., & Vogel, I. (1986). Prosodic phonology. Foris Publications.

Oliveira., M., Jr., & Cunha, D. (2004). Prosody as marker of direct reported speech boundary. Speech Prosody 2004, 263–266. https://doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2004-61

Park, M. J. (2003). The meaning of Korean prosodic boundary tones [Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles]. ProQuest Dissertations & Theses. https://www.proquest.com/docview/305339124/abstract/2AA14FE6EEE042D8PQ/1

Pierrehumbert, J. B., & Beckman, M. E. (1988). Japanese tone structure. The MIT Press.

Rhee, S. (2007). Through a borrowed mouth: Reported speech and subjectification in Korean. LACUS Forum, 34, 201–211.

Rhee, S., & Koo, H. J. (2020). From quotation to surprise: The case in Korean. Journal of Pragmatics, 155, 83–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2019.10.006

Selkirk, E. (1986). On derived domains in sentence phonology. Phonology Yearbook, 3, 371–405. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0952675700000695

Selkirk, E. (2011). The syntax-phonology interface. In J. Goldsmith, J. Riggle, & A. Yu (Eds.), The handbook of phonological theory (pp. 435–484). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444343069.ch14

Yatziv-Malibert, I.-I., & Vanhove, M. (2015). Quotative constructions and prosody in some Afroasiatic languages: Towards a typology. In A. Mettouchi, M. Vanhove, & D. Caubet (Eds.), Corpus-based studies of lesser-described languages: The CorpAfroAs corpus of spoken AfroAsiatic languages (pp. 117–169). John Benjamins Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1075/scl.68.04mal

Yeon, J., & Brown, L. (2019). Quotations. In Korean: A comprehensive grammar (2nd ed., pp. 446–468). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315160351-10

Yoon, J. H. S. (2018). Korean syntax. In M. Aronoff (Ed.), Oxford research encyclopedia of linguistics. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.171

Downloads

Published

2026-07-15

How to Cite

Johnston, M. (2026). On the prosody of reported speech in Seoul Korean. Working Papers in Applied Linguistics and Linguistics at York, 6, 1–33. https://doi.org/10.25071/2564-2855.56

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 3 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.